Amelioration of Diabetic Dyslipidemia by GTF – 231 (Gymnemic acid, Trigonelline and Ferulic acid- 2:3:1), a phytochemical preparation Studied in High Fat Diet Fed-Low Dose STZ Induced Experimental Type 2 Diabetes in Rats

*Corresponding author: Dr. S. Subramanian, Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai – 600 025, Tamilnadu, India, Tel: +91-44-22202732; E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Background: Persistent hyperglycemia in diabetes is associated with profound changes in lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities which result in particle distribution within lipoprotein classes. Recently, we have reported the antidiabetic properties of GTF-231 (Gymnemic acid, Trigonelline and Ferulic acid2:3:1) a phytochemical preparation in experimental type 2 diabetic rats. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of GTF-231 on the regulation of lipid homeostasis in T2DM induced rats. Materials and methods: High fat diet fed-low dose STZ induced experimental type 2 diabetes was used as the animal model. GTF at a concentration of 300mg/kg.b.w./rat/day was orally administered for 30 days to experimental type 2 diabetic rats. The alterations in the levels of lipid profile in plasma, hepatic and renal tissues were studied. The activities of HMG CoA reductase was assayed in liver and kidney tissues of control and experimental groups of rats. The levels of lipid metabolizing enzymes such as lipoprotein lipase and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase in the plasma and hepatic tissues were assayed. Results: Oral administration of GTF-231significantly normalized the altered levels of lipid profile in plasma, hepatic and renal tissues. Likewise, the decreased levels of HDL-c and increased levels of LDL-c and VLDL-c in plasma of diabetic rats were normalized upon treatment with GTF. Additionally,GTF-231 treatment significantly decreased the activity HMG-CoA reductase in the liver and kidney tissues. Decreased activities of lipid metabolizing enzymes such as lipoprotein lipase and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase in the plasma and hepatic tissues were normalized upon oral treatment with GTF-231. Conclusion: The data obtained are claimed to display synergistic, efficacious and agonistic/antagonistic actions of GTF-231 and the mixture of species in the phytochemical preparation shows better therapeutic effects at a relatively less concentration than either species on its own and the ameliorative potential of GTF-231 in diabetic dyslipidemia was comparable with metformin (200 mg/kg.b.w.).